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|  | The Guiding Principle Behind the Listings
I have compiled this guide to help teachers of AP Latin Literature and Vergil locate resources on the Web. By no means definitive or exhaustive, this list is intended to be a starting point.
Two Recurring Sources
1. The Latin Library -- Many of the Web sites listed below that provide clean versions of Latin texts are part of the Latin Library at Ad Fontes Academy, a vast resource for locating long stretches of Latin lines:
 Latin Library at Ad Fontes Academy
Be careful: sometimes the lines are numbered, sometimes they are not.
In this Web guide, each description of a Latin Library offering is accompanied by a link to that specific text.
2. Quia -- Among the Web sites listed below that have activities for students, several are housed by Quia, which consists of practice exercises created by teachers for their students:
Quia
In this Web guide, each description of a Quia feature is accompanied by a link to that specific offering.
The Listings, by Category
Audio
Classroom Activities
General Resources
Vocabulary
Authors and Works
The Listings
Audio
The Classics Pages: Reading Latin Poetry
Through this Web site, you can hear Latin poetry on your computer and download the files for later use (they are in MP3 format). Created by Andrew Wilson, the site includes an explanation of the rhythmic elements of poetry, starting with the explanation of the parts of the poetic foot (illustrated by an animation of a figure on a Greek vase, stomping his foot upon the ground). This includes definitions of the terms arsis, thesis, spondee, dactyl, and trochee. Then there is an explanation of the poetic line as an accompaniment to Greek music and dancing, followed by a sampling of hexameter lines. Each line is scanned and shows the individual feet. Click on the picture of the ear before each line to hear an audio track of the line being recited.
The Classics Pages: Reading Latin Poetry
Harvard Classics Poetry Recital
Listen to Latin poetry read by Wendell Clausen (Vergil), Kathleen Coleman (Ovid), Richard Tarrant (Catullus), and Richard Thomas (Vergil). Harvard University's Department of the Classics established this Web site so that students could hear poetry performed, and to help them develop their skills in pronouncing the Latin as well as gain an understanding of the different meters used in Latin poetry. The audio files of the Latin readings are accompanied by Latin text; some have an English translation and/or commentary in English. This site requires Apple® QuickTime® plug-in for your Internet browser, which is a free download from:
QuickTime 7
Classics Technology Center: The Modern Student's Guide to Catullus
Created by Raymond M. Koehler, this site contains recordings of poems performed as songs, an excellent resource for incorporating aural comprehension. Featured poems are 1, 51, 8, 7, 2, 3, 4, and 85.
Classics Technology Center: The Modern Student's Guide to Catullus
Classroom Activities
Latin IV Honors Drill, Practice, and On-Line Quiz Page
These vocabulary aids incorporate the columns of the pull-out sheet in the back of Clyde Pharr's translation of the Aeneid. The site contains activities based in Java -- a programming language that can be downloaded and installed on most browsers if you do not already have it by visiting this site:
Java Software Free Download
There are matching exercises, flash cards, and a memory game. The site includes an extensive section of links.
Latin IV Honors Drill, Practice, and On-Line Quiz Page
Ms. Sameth, Magistra Linguae Latinae
This Quia site lists links to various games, activities, and practice test items on topics such as vocabulary, historical background information, the life of Vergil, poetic devices, the books of the Aeneid, and the chronology of the Aeneid.
Ms. Sameth, Magistra Linguae Latinae
General Resources
Poetic Devices
This Quia feature includes a matching exercise, flash cards, a game of concentration, and a word search.
Poetic Devices
Rhetorical Figures
Like the page titled "Poetic Devices" described above, this Quia feature includes a matching exercise, flash cards, a game of concentration, and a word search.
Rhetorical Figures
An Unofficial Website for AP Latin
This useful Web site for AP Latin teachers offers tips for building essay-writing skills and vocabulary; a complete list of scenes and speeches from the Aeneid; a list of figures of speech in the Aeneid; a bit of "certamen fun"; and some of Donald Connor's outlines and prelections for the Aeneid. It also has reviews of current AP Latin textbooks. Another helpful resource is the "Questions and Answers" area, where teachers can post their inquiries and read responses from authors of AP textbooks (mostly college faculty) and AP Exam Readers. Although last updated in 2003, the site is, overall, a good resource for teaching both AP Latin: Vergil or AP Latin Literature. Although not an official AP Web site, it provides much information about the AP Latin texts as well as links that might be of value to AP teachers.
An Unofficial Website for AP Latin
Vocabulary
AP Vergil Wordlist/AP Latin Literature Wordlist
Dennis DeYoung has done a great service for the AP Latin community by creating this site. In the course of his 15 years of teaching AP Latin, he realized that students must memorize vocabulary to perform well on the AP Exam. He therefore constructed lists designed especially for the AP Latin syllabi. All words appear in dictionary form and are listed alphabetically and sorted by word frequency. There are two online word lists, one for AP Latin: Vergil and one for AP Latin Literature. Both are available on the site free of charge, or in booklet form for only $5.00. The Vergil list is 62 pages (330 KB) in Microsoft® Word format, and the Latin Literature list is 82 pages (274 KB) in Adobe® Acrobat® Reader® PDF.
AP Vergil Wordlist/AP Latin Literature Wordlist Easily Confused Words 1
Finally, teachers have a resource to reinforce words that students frequently confuse, such as ambo/ambulo, aura/auris, and avis/avus. This feature, like many others on Quia, includes a matching exercise, flash cards, a game of concentration, and a word search.
Easily Confused Words 1
Figures of Speech
Students will find examples in Latin, mostly from Vergil's Aeneid, and some from Horace and Catullus. This site is most useful for review, when students have already become familiar with the concepts.
Figures of Speech
A Glossary of Rhetorical Terms with Examples
When high school students learn figures of speech, they commonly confuse all of the polysyllabic terms for poetic figures. This Web site defines 45 figures of speech and provides effective examples, in both English and Latin, including quotes from Vergil, Catullus, and Horace. Use this Web site when you need to distinguish between "anastrophe" and "apostrophe."
A Glossary of Rhetorical Terms with Examples
Authors and Works
Catullus
AP Catullus
This extensive list of links for the study of Catullus includes vocabulary flash cards, several scansion tests, and practice with figures of speech (especially with Catullus 64). Other links lead to Latin dictionaries and English translations of Catullus. This is a good resource for practice with meter and figures of speech to familiarize students with Catullus's composition and style.
AP Catullus
C. Valerius Catullus by John Porter, University of Saskatchewan
This Web site gives a solid background on the libellus and Catullus's life as well as his various personae. Sections include "Catullus as Eques," "Catullus the Neoteric Poet," and "Catullus and Lesbia." This would be a good (and extensive) resource for students at the beginning of the Catullan experience, as it paints a picture of Catullus as a person as well as a poet. Although most sections contain links to Catullus's poems as references, only one of them (poem 10) is on the syllabus.
C. Valerius Catullus by John Porter, University of Saskatchewan
C. Valerius Catullus (c. 84-c. 54 B.C.)
Access the complete Catullus poems via this Latin Library page.
C. Valerius Catullus (c. 84- c. 54 B.C.)
Carmina Catulli
This site lists the poems of the Catullan corpus by their first lines, an excellent tool for reviewing the themes of each poem for memory work. Each word in the poem is hyperlinked to a concordance, also a helpful tool for reviewing specific Catullan vocabulary (e.g., venustus or urbanus).
Carmina Catulli
Gaius Valerius Catullus
This Web site provides translations of Catullus's works in more than a dozen languages, including Brazilian Portuguese, Chinese, French, Hungarian, Irish, Italian, Japanese, Russian, and Spanish. Two useful areas are a section with the lines appropriately scanned and another section called "Catullus' Biography." You can compare two Catullus texts in different languages, line by line -- a feature that might be beneficial to Latin students for whom English is a second (or third) language. Or have your students use the scanned version when they translate to distinguish among ablative, nominative, or accusative cases.
Gaius Valerius Catullus
[Alternate link to] Gaius Valerius Catullus
Links for the Study of Catullus
Alison Barker's Web site, decorated with pictures of passeres, contains links to Catullus texts, information on Roman history and culture, guides to language and meter, and other sites of interest. The section labeled "Texts" links to the Perseus Digital Library Project text of Catullus's works; from there, you can access the text of Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short's A Latin Dictionary. Also in this section, you will find a link titled "Shocked Catullus: Texts with Vocabulary," which leads to A Supplement to the AP Catullus (a site described in full below) and a link titled "Texts with Concordance," which leads to Carmina Catulli (a site described in full above).
Links for the Study of Catullus
VRoma Catullus
Teachers can use this excellent site with students when examining different ways to translate Catullus. Each poem is displayed with the Latin text on the left and an English translation on the right. The side-by-side setup is easy enough to follow, but it can become confusing when sentences cover multiple lines. The entire libellus is covered in this Web site.
VRoma Catullus
Social Set of Catullus: His Friends, Lovers, Rivals
This Web site gives information about each person found within and outside of the Catullan corpus, including Ameana, Aurelius, Caelius, Caesar, Calvus, Cicero, Cinna, Clodia, Clodius, Cornificius, Egnatius, Fabullus, Furius, Gellius, Hortensius, Juventius, Mamurra, Memmius, Metellus, Nepos, Varus, and Veranius.
Social Set of Catullus: His Friends, Lovers, Rivals
A Supplement to the AP Catullus
This site displays poems in an interactive, clickable document. When the document loads, click on a word to see its meaning. When you're finished working with the document, you can double-check all the words you've clicked and their definitions. Use this for students who don't have time to flip around. This site requires Adobe Shockwave®, a free download from:
Shockwave Player Download Center
A Supplement to the AP Catullus
Sites Created by William Harris
Harris, a professor emeritus at Middlebury College, has developed multiple, interrelated Web sites about the works of Catullus, including:
Catulli Carmina: Text in Original Order
Catulli Carmina: In Chapters
Here, the chapters are organized by theme.
Catulli Carmina: In Chapters
Catulli Carmina: Text with Comments
Cicero
Corpus Scriptorum Latinorum
This site provides the Latin text of Cicero's Pro Archia with English and French translations. The Latin text is divided into sections. Each section is numbered and has a small picture of an American flag and a French flag; each picture is linked to the appropriate translation. This would be most useful for review or for memorization in preparation for a performance.
Corpus Scriptorum Latinorum
M. Tullius Cicero (106-43 B.C.)
This Latin Library page offers links to select speeches, philosophical works, and letters.
M. Tullius Cicero (106-43 B.C.)
M. Tulli Ciceronis -- Cicero: Pro Archia Poeta
This site divides the text of the Pro Archia into short phrases for maximum comprehension. Included is a link to a section that explains the philosophy behind the spacing and indentation of different phrases to make the text more accessible to the Latin student. You can download the entire text for use with the (free) SLU (Saint Louis University) Acceleration Reader software.
M. Tulli Ciceronis -- Cicero: Pro Archia Poeta
M. Tulli Ciceronis Pro A. Licinio Archia Poeta Oratio
Access the text of the Pro Archia via this Latin Library page.
M. Tulli Ciceronis Pro A. Licinio Archia Poeta Oratio
Horace
Q. Horati Flacci Opera (65-8 B.C.)
His complete works are available through links on this Latin Library page.
Q. Horati Flacci Opera (65-8 B.C.)
Ovid
Ovid by John Porter, University of Saskatchewan
Ideal for students beginning to study Ovid's writings, this site gives a list of Ovid's works and a comprehensive biography, which includes discussion of Ovid's connections to Horace, Vergil, and Augustus's Rome, and the events leading up to his banishment.
Ovid by John Porter, University of Saskatchewan
Ovid Starting Page
This site contains links for teachers who work with the Ovid syllabus in AP Latin Literature. Students can practice with figures of speech from Ovid's Metamorphoses. One online exercise asks students to match figures of speech with actual Latin lines from the syllabus. Other links lead to an introduction to Ovid, a biography, and notes on the organization of the Metamorphoses.
Ovid Starting Page
P. Ovidi Nasonis Opera
This Latin Library page provides links to the complete texts of Metamorphoses, Heroides, and Tristia.
P. Ovidi Nasonis Opera
Vergil/Aeneid
Many of the Web site descriptions in the following section include mentions of "Quia"; for information about this online source, see the section titled "Two Recurring Sources" that appears at the beginning of this Web guide.
Aeneas
This summary of Aeneas's life from birth to death includes excerpts in English from the Iliad and the Aeneid. You'll also find a map of Aeneas's wanderings as well as a family tree and a chart of throne succession after Aeneas's death. This site is helpful for connecting Roman history or Aeneas's character in the Iliad with Vergil's Aeneid. Many characters in Aeneas's life are also hyperlinked, allowing you to learn more about Laocoön, Neoptolemus, Troy, Dido, Aphrodite, and many other personalities and places connected to Aeneas's journey.
Aeneas
The Aeneid in the Arts
These works of art relate to the Aeneid. Arranged according to book, the images are for use in conjunction with books 1, 2, 4, and 6. The site includes extensive links.
The Aeneid in the Arts
Aeneid Vocabulary
Each of these three Quia features includes a matching exercise, flash cards, a game of concentration, and a word search:
Aeneid Vocabulary -- Words Used Over 50 Times
Aeneid Vocabulary, Part 2
Aeneid Vocabulary, Part 3
AP Vergil's Aeneid
The many links for studying the Aeneid in preparation for the AP Exam include dictionary assistance (using the Lewis and Short online dictionary); textual assistance (through the University of Pennsylvania's Vergil site); English translations of the Aeneid, Iliad, and Odyssey; summaries of Aeneas's travels; vocabulary flash cards; scansion exercises; figures of speech; exercises such as matching the subject to a particular quote or matching the speaker to the quote; practice with participles; and a research project. These extensive links will greatly benefit students who use this site at home to reinforce their experiences with Vergil's work.
AP Vergil's Aeneid
Background Information on the Aeneid
Via this Quia feature, students can play a Jeopardy!-style game based on the background of the Aeneid and Augustus.
Background Information on the Aeneid
Book I: Lines 1-80
Characters, places, devices, and important vocabulary in the Aeneid are covered in this Quia feature. It includes a matching exercise, flash cards, a game of concentration, and a word search.
Book I: Lines 1-80
Book I: 81-156
This Quia feature is related to the Aeneid and provides a matching exercise, flash cards, a game of concentration, and a word search.
Book I. 81-156
Book I (81-156)
Although this Quia feature covers the same part of the Aeneid and offers the same kinds of activities as the page described above, the substance of its activities is different.
Book I (81-156)
Book I. 157-271
Like the two Quia features described above, this page presents a matching exercise, flash cards, a game of concentration, and a word search.
Book I. 157-271
I: 81-156
In this Quia exercise, students put events from the Aeneid in chronological order.
I: 81-156
Images of the Trojan War Myth
These Trojan War images for use with Aeneid 2 are mostly indexed to the Perseus image database.
Images of the Trojan War Myth
Life of Vergil
This Quia feature includes quizzes, a matching exercise, flash cards, a game of concentration, and a word search.
Life of Vergil
P. Vergilius Maro
Access the complete texts of the Aeneid, the Eclogues, and the Georgicon via links on this Latin Library page.
P. Vergilius Maro
Practice Test Book I: 81-156
Available through Quia, this quiz provides multiple-choice questions about the Aeneid, book 1, lines 81-156.
Practice Test Book I: 81-156
Publius Vergilius Maro
This extensive list of links to Vergil-related resources all pertain to Augustan Age poetry and history.
Publius Vergilius Maro
Reading Quiz I. 65-80
This Quia quiz provides multiple-choice questions about the Aeneid, book 1, lines 65-80.
Reading Quiz I. 65-80
Vergil: The Aeneid by John Porter, University of Saskatchewan
Porter's essay begins with a brief plot summary of the Aeneid. Then, after a short introduction to Vergil, he offers three contexts in which the Aeneid should be read: (1) its mythical and literary context, (2) its philosophical context, and (3) its historical context.
The section titled "The Mythical Context" explains the Aeneid's connections to the Trojan War and outlines the personae in the tale of the Aeneid. "The Literary Context" gives an explanation of Vergil's construction of the epic utilizing various forms of traditional Greek elements. This section also includes brief summaries of the Iliad and the Odyssey, followed by a comparison between the Aeneid and these two works. Both of these summaries give the names of the most famous characters in each work.
"The Philosophical Context" contains a brief section on the Stoics and Stoicism, along with the principles that govern the characters of Aeneas, Dido, and Turnus.
"The Historical Context" discusses the connections between the character of Aeneas and, in his future, Augustus's vision of Rome. There is a list of similarities between Augustus's Rome and the world of the Aeneid, creating an image of Rome that resulted from the civil wars and the Roman victory over its enemies.
Vergil: The Aeneid by John Porter, University of Saskatchewan
Emil Penarubia, originally from Philadelphia, has taught both Latin and Greek at Boston College High School in Boston since 1998. He was the recipient of a Fulbright fellowship to Rome in 2001. His interests include Latin lyric poetry and linguistics.
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